What are the three types of hazardous drugs
By David Edwards
The format for the 2014 list was revised to include three groups of hazardous drugs: (1) Antineoplastic drugs; (2) Non-antineoplastic hazardous drugs; and (3) Drugs with reproductive effects.
What can make a drug be classified as a hazardous drug?
Hazardous Drug: Defined by the American Society of Health System Pharmacists in 1990 as being a drug which displays one or more of the following characteristics: genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, teratogenicity or fertility impairment, or serious organ or other toxic manifestation at low doses in experimental animals or …
Why are some drugs hazardous?
Drugs are classified as hazardous when they possess any one of the following six charac- teristics (ASHP, 1990, 2006; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [NIOSH], 2004). Genotoxicity, or the ability to cause a change or mutation in genetic material; a mutagen.
What are the three risk groups for hazardous drugs quizlet?
Hazardous drugs include drugs that are: teratogenic, carcinogenic, genotoxic (damage the DNA and can cause cancer), have reproductive toxicity, and cause organ toxicity at low doses.What is a hazardous drug NIOSH?
The definition was modified from the American Society of Health-System Pharmacists definition of a hazardous drug. The NIOSH criteria include : carcinogenicity, teratogenicity, reproductive toxicity, genotoxicity, organ toxicity at low doses, and drugs that mimic existing drugs in structure or toxicity.
Is multaq a hazardous drug?
[12-19-2011] The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has completed a safety review of the heart drug Multaq (dronedarone). This review showed that Multaq increased the risk of serious cardiovascular events, including death, when used by patients in permanent atrial fibrillation (AF).
Is warfarin a hazardous drug?
* Warfarin is on the Hazardous Substance List because it is regulated by OSHA and cited by ACGIH, DOT, NIOSH, DEP, IRIS and EPA. * This chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List because it is a TERATOGEN.
What are non antineoplastic drugs?
Examples of non- antineoplastic HDs are mycophenolate mofetil, tacrolimus, conjugated estrogens, and ganciclovir (NIOSH, 2016). Group 3: Drugs that primarily pose a reproductive risk to men and women. This group includes alitreti- noin, fluconazole, oxytocin, and others.What are the antineoplastic drugs?
Antineoplastic drugs are medications used to treat cancer. Antineoplastic drugs are also called anticancer, chemotherapy, chemo, cytotoxic, or hazardous drugs. These drugs come in many forms. Some are liquids that are injected into the patient and some are pills that patients take.
Are antineoplastic drugs hazardous?Antineoplastic drugs, also known as chemotherapy, cytotoxic and oncology drugs, are used to treat cancer, as well as arthritis, multiple sclerosis, and other non-cancer medical conditions. Most antineoplastic drugs are classified by NIOSH as hazardous drugs.
Article first time published onIs Methotrexate a hazardous drug?
Methotrexate can pose a health hazard to caregivers. All caregivers should take safety precautions while giving this drug. For 48 hours after this drug is given, the patient’s body fluids can contain the drug.
Why is spironolactone a hazardous drug?
Material may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation. Suspected of causing cancer.
Is risperidone a hazardous drug?
NIOSH has determined it is unlikely that risperidone (Risperidal®) poses a carcinogenic, reproductive, or developmental hazard to workers in a healthcare setting and is no longer considered a hazardous drug by NIOSH.
Is rituximab a hazardous drug?
Reviewing the literature, CDC and NIOSH guidelines revealed that Rituximab is not considered a hazardous drug and has no adverse health effects through eye, skin, or mucous membrane contact (Genentech, 2011).
Is BCG a hazardous drug?
NIOSH lists BCG as the only “non-antineoplastic agent” listed out of nearly 120 hazardous drugs. 1 The carcinogenicity of BCG has never been questioned.
Why is restasis a hazardous drug?
Restasis is classified as FDA pregnancy risk category C (it caused harm in studies with animals, but use during pregnancy in humans has not been adequately evaluated). It is not known if cyclosporine is excreted into breast milk following administration into the eye.
Is rifampin a hazardous drug?
Acute Toxicity: Oral, Category 4 Skin Corrosion/Irritation, Category 2 Serious Eye Damage/Eye Irritation, Category 2A Specific Target Organ Toxicity (single exposure), Category 3 2.1 Classification of the Substance or Mixture: H302: Harmful if swallowed. H315: Causes skin irritation.
Why is oxytocin hazardous?
Material may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May be harmful by inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption. May cause eye, skin, or respiratory system irritation.
Is diazepam a hazardous drug?
to relieve anxiety and provide sedation. Diazepam is a Schedule IV controlled substance. In the workplace, this product should be considered a flammable liquid, potentially irritating to the eyes and respiratory tract, a potential occupational reproductive hazard, and a potent drug.
Is hydroxychloroquine hazardous?
Harmful if swallowed. Material may be irritating to the mucous membranes and upper respiratory tract. May be harmful by inhalation or skin absorption. May cause skin or respiratory system irritation.
Why is Paxil hazardous?
On December 8, 2005, the FDA alerted health care professionals and patients about preliminary test results of studies for Paxil (paroxetine) suggesting that the drug increases the risk for birth defects, particularly heart defects, when women take Paxil during the first trimester.
What is the difference between Multaq and amiodarone?
Multaq (or dronedarone) is a modified version of amiodarone without iodine, which provides the advantage for lower side effect profile (such as thyroid and lung toxicity) than amiodarone.
What is a cytotoxic effect?
The term cytotoxic refers to the ability of a substance to cause damage to cells. The term genotoxic refers to the ability of a substance to directly damage DNA in cells. When DNA is damaged, it may or may not die.
What type of drug is Keytruda?
Keytruda may block PD-1 and help the immune system kill cancer cells. It is a type of monoclonal antibody and a type of immune checkpoint inhibitor. Also called pembrolizumab.
What are the classification of anticancer drugs?
The antineoplastic agents are not easily classified. Historically, they are categorized as (1) alkylating agents, (2) antimetabolites, (3) natural products, (4) hormones and antagonists, and (5) miscellaneous.
Why is tacrolimus hazardous?
Tacrolimus can cause fetal harm. PROGRAF capsules should not be opened or crushed. Wearing disposable gloves is recommended during dilution of the injection or when preparing the oral suspension in the hospital and when wiping any spills.
Is lisinopril a hazardous drug?
A contraindication is any condition that makes lisinopril too hazardous to take, so the drug will never be used in a person with a contraindication.
Why is oxcarbazepine hazardous?
Oxcarbazepine can reduce the sodium in your body to dangerously low levels, which can cause a life-threatening electrolyte imbalance. Call your doctor right away if you have nausea, lack of energy, confusion, feeling tired or irritable, severe weakness, muscle pain, or increased seizures.
Is Temazepam a hazardous drug?
Non-antineoplastic drugs that primarily have adverse reproductive effects: The new drugs in this category include clomiphene, eslicarbazepine, lomitapide, macitentan, pamidronate, pasireotide, peginesatide, riociguat, and temazepam.
Are all chemo drugs hazardous?
Chemotherapy drugs are considered to be hazardous to people who handle them or come into contact with them. For patients, this means the drugs are strong enough to damage or kill cancer cells. But this also means the drugs can be a concern for others who might be exposed to them.
What PPE is used for chemo?
PPE includes gloves, gowns, goggles for eye protection, a full face shield for head protection, and respiratory barrier protection. Regular exam gloves are not recommended for use as standard protocol for handling chemotherapeutic agents.
